Category Methods
Practical guidance on research design, methodology, and data analysis for your thesis.
What exactly is Type I error inflation?
You ran an ANOVA—and it was significant! Now, of course, you want to know exactly which groups differ. The first impulse: Simply run a few t-tests between the groups. But beware! Alpha error inflationWhen you conduct multiple hypothesis tests simultaneously,…
Tidy Data
In this post, we'll go over Hadley Wickham's three principles for ensuring tidy data.
Structural Equation Modelling and Path Anaysis in R lavaan
Structural equation models (SEM) are a powerful tool for analyzing complex relationships between observed and latent variables. The R package lavaan (latent variable analysis) provides a user-friendly yet powerful environment for SEM in R. In this post, I’ll show you how to get started with lavaan – from installation to model interpretation.
Cross-Lagged Panel Model
The Cross-Lagged Panel Model (CLPM) is a statistical method used in longitudinal studies to analyse the direction and strength of relationships between variables over time. It enables researchers to identify potential causal relationships by examining the reciprocal influences of two variables at different points in time.
Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS and PSPP
When data are not normally distributed, the Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS offers a robust alternative to one-way ANOVA. In this exercise, you will examine reaction times under three conditions and learn how to check the assumptions, correctly apply the Kruskal-Wallis test, and interpret the results—including an appropriate post hoc test. Ideal for reviewing and consolidating your knowledge of SPSS or PSPP.
Repeated-Measures ANOVA in R
In many psychological studies, the same people are measured multiple times – e.g., before, during, and after an intervention. You want to know: Is there an effect over time? Then you need the Repeated Measures ANOVA, also known as Repeated…
Introduction to Analysis of Variance
Inhalt What is Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)? Key Terms and Concepts 1. Group Means and Overall Mean 2. Decomposition of variance 3. F-statistic Assumptions of ANOVA Hypotheses in ANOVA When is analysis of variance used? Types of analysis of variance…
Qualitative or quantitative? How to find the right research approach
Are you just starting your thesis and feeling unsure about which research approach to choose? You’re not alone. Many students face exactly this problem. You may be wondering: Should I conduct qualitative research or quantitative research? Don’t worry—that’s exactly what…
Simple Linear Regression
Simple linear regression is a fundamental statistical method that allows you to examine relationships between two variables and make predictions. Simple linear regression is an important tool, particularly in the social sciences, economics, and many other disciplines, for gaining insights…
Measures of dispersion in descriptive statistics
In descriptive statistics, variance and standard deviation are two of the central measures of dispersion, often used together with the arithmetic mean to describe the distribution of data. They measure how much individual observations vary around their mean.